《植物生理学报》 2021, 57(3): 513-520

植物钙蛋白酶的结构和功能

丁竞，郭长奎^*

浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院, 杭州311300

通信作者：郭长奎；E-mail: guock@zafu.edu.cn

摘　要：

钙蛋白酶(calpain)是一类依赖Ca2+调控的半胱氨酸蛋白酶, 广泛存在于生物体内, 在细胞增殖、周期调控与凋亡以及糖转运、信号转导等过程中发挥重要作用。植物编码独特的钙蛋白酶, 称为DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (DEK1)。由于其缺乏经典钙蛋白酶的结构域DIV (domain IV), 故被称为非经典钙蛋白酶。DEK1基因首先在玉米中克隆到, 被认为参与调控糊粉层发育; 后来, 该基因又被证明在拟南芥、苔藓、番茄等陆地植物中存在, 且其序列和功能高度保守。此外, DEK1还在调控植物胚胎发育、营养器官发育、生殖发育以及胁迫响应等方面发挥重要作用。本文综述了植物钙蛋白酶的发现以及其结构与功能, 为今后更深入地开展植物钙蛋白酶的功能研究提供参考。

关键词：植物钙蛋白酶; 结构; 功能; 研究进展

收稿：2020-11-11   修定：2021-01-20

资助：国家自然科学基金(31770352)和浙江省自然科学基金 (LY20C020002)

Structure and function of phytocalpain

DING Jing, GUO Changkui^*

School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China

Corresponding author: GUO Changkui; E-mail: guock@zafu.edu.cn

Abstract:

The widely distributed calpain belongs to a class of Ca2+-dependent cysteine protease, whose function requires calcium ions. Calpain has been shown to play vital roles in cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, sugar transport, and signal transduction. Plants encode a unique calpain called DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 (DEK1). DEK1 lacks the typical calpain DIV domain, therefore it is considered as an atypical calpain. It was initially cloned in maize to have a role in aleurone development. Later, the DEK1 genes were also identifed in other plants, including Arabidopsis, moss, and tomato, and they exhibit highly conserved sequences and functions across different plant species. DEK1 is also shown to play important roles in embryo development, vegetative and reproductive development, and the response to stress. Herein, we summarized the discovery of phytocalpain, its structure and function in plants with an aim to provide a reference for further study of the plant calpain in the future

Key words: phytocalpain; structure; function; research progress